SS-31 (Elamipretide): The Mitochondria-Targeted Peptide — Complete Guide UAE (2026)
SS-31 (Elamipretide): The Mitochondria-Targeted Peptide — Complete Guide UAE (2026)
SS-31 (Szeto-Schiller 31), also known by its clinical name elamipretide, is a synthetic tetrapeptide with a unique mechanism: it selectively targets and stabilises the inner mitochondrial membrane, protecting mitochondrial function from oxidative damage. It has progressed through clinical trials for heart failure and is among the most evidence-backed mitochondrial research peptides available. This guide covers what UAE researchers need to know.
Mechanism: Cardiolipin Targeting
SS-31's mechanism is distinct from all other peptides — it does not bind a cell surface receptor. Instead, it penetrates cell membranes and selectively binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane that constitutes 20% of its lipid composition.
- Cristae stabilisation: Cardiolipin maintains the tight folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae) that is essential for efficient electron transport. SS-31 stabilises cardiolipin's interaction with cytochrome c, preserving cristae architecture under oxidative stress
- Electron transport chain (ETC) protection: By stabilising cytochrome c at Complex IV, SS-31 maintains efficient electron flow through the ETC — reducing electron leak and ROS production without directly scavenging free radicals
- ATP synthesis restoration: Damaged cardiolipin impairs ATP synthase activity. SS-31 restores ATP production in aged and ischaemia-damaged mitochondria in research models
- ROS reduction: By improving ETC efficiency, SS-31 reduces superoxide generation at Complex I and III — the primary source of mitochondrial ROS — without acting as a direct antioxidant
Clinical Research: Heart Failure
SS-31 (elamipretide) completed the PROGRESS-HF Phase II clinical trial in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Results showed significant improvements in 6-minute walk distance and left ventricular end-systolic volume — functional and structural cardiac improvements — in the treatment group versus placebo. This makes SS-31 one of very few research peptides with Phase II human cardiovascular data.
Research Dosing
| Form | Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Nasal spray (25mg) | 1–2 mg intranasal | Preferred for CNS and systemic research; bypasses rapid clearance |
| Subcutaneous injection | 0.5–4 mg/kg | Used in published animal studies; clinical trials used SC infusion |
Key Research Applications
- Cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury (heart attack protection research)
- Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)
- Age-related mitochondrial decline (skeletal muscle, brain, kidney)
- Diabetic nephropathy — mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney tubular cells
- Neurodegenerative disease models (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's — mitochondrial hypothesis)
Related Products
Buy SS-31 in Dubai & UAE
25mg nasal spray — cGMP sourced, ≥99% HPLC purity, COA available.
Shop SS-31Frequently Asked Questions
Unlike direct antioxidants (glutathione, NAC) that scavenge free radicals after they form, SS-31 works upstream — improving electron transport efficiency so fewer ROS are generated in the first place. This makes it more efficient at low doses and without the problems of antioxidant paradox seen with some direct ROS scavengers.
Yes — SS-31 (cardiolipin stabilisation → ETC efficiency) and NAD+ (sirtuin activation → mitochondrial biogenesis and repair) address complementary aspects of mitochondrial function. Together with MOTS-C (AMPK activation → new mitochondria), they form a comprehensive mitochondrial longevity stack.
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Shop Bacteriostatic Water →Disclaimer: This article is for educational and research purposes only. Products mentioned are research compounds not approved by UAE MOHAP or the FDA for human therapeutic use. Nothing herein constitutes medical advice. Consult a licensed UAE healthcare professional before beginning any protocol.
Written by Core Sup Research Team
Core Sup Research Team · Peptide & Supplement Specialists, Dubai UAE
Core Sup's editorial team is composed of specialists in peptide therapy, SARMs, and sports supplementation with direct experience in the UAE market. All content is written to current research standards and reviewed before publication.
Last reviewed: April 2026 · About Core Sup
